Integración de la optimización de la experiencia de búsqueda (SXO), la usabilidad, la arquitectura de la información y la accesibilidad web
explorando un terreno común para mejorar la visibilidad en buscadores
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54886/ibersid.v18i1.4966Palavras-chave:
Search eXperience Optimization, Search Engine Optimization, Factores SEO, Visibilidad web, eXperiencia de usuario, Accesibilidad web, Usabilidad, Arquitectura de la informaciónResumo
Los buscadores han incorporado varios factores relacionados con la UX y un análisis más preciso de la intención de búsqueda de los usuarios para satisfacer mejor sus necesidades. Objetivos: identificar los puntos en común entre tres disciplinas relacionadas con la UX: usabilidad, arquitectura de la información y accesibilidad web, y el SEO, en el contexto de la Search eXperience Optimization. A partir de un análisis de la literatura, se han identificado, contextualizado y justificado los factores en común entre el SEO y las demás disciplinas. Se ha puesto de manifiesto que ciertas buenas prácticas propias de estas disciplinas contribuyen a mejorar la visibilidad de las páginas web en los buscadores. En concreto, se han identificado un total de 37 factores relacionados. La incorporación de las prácticas identificadas puede derivar en un mejor rastreo, indexación e interpretación de los contenidos por parte de los buscadores.
Downloads
Referências
Alcaraz-Martínez, Rubén (2021). SEO centrado en el usuario: un cambio de paradigma orientado a satisfacer mejor las necesidades de las personas en el buscador de Google. // Cuadernos de documentación multimedia. 32. https://doi.org/10.5209/cdmu.81156
Almukhtar, Firas; Mahmoodd, Nawzad; Kareem, Shahab (2021). Search engine optimization: a review. // Applied computer science. 17:1, 70-80. https://doi.org/10.35784/acs-2021-07
Andonov, Aleksandar D. (2020). The application of Search Engine Optimization in internet marketing. 2020 55th International Scientific Conference on Information, Communication and Energy Systems and Technologies (ICEST), 37-41. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEST49890.2020.9232740
Auinger, Andreas; Brandtner, Patrick; Großdeßner, Petra; Holzinger, Andreas (2012). Search engine optimization meets e-business-a theory-based evaluation: findability and usability as key success factors. // International conference on e-business. 2, 237-250.
Backlinko (2020). Google user behaviour study. https://frontpagedata.com/projects/backlinko/user-research/final (4/3/2024)
Batley, Susan (2007). Information architecture for information professionals. Oxford: Chandos Publishing.
Benyon, David (2019). Designing user experience: a guide to HCI, UX and interaction design. 4th ed. Harlow: Pearson.
Beus, Johannes (2020). Why (almost) everything you knew about Google CTR is no longer valid. https://www.sistrix.com/blog/why-almost-everything-you-knew-about-google-ctr-is-no-longer-valid (4/3/2024)
Dean, Brian (2023a). Google's 200 ranking factors: the complete list. https://backlinko.com/google-ranking-factors (4/3/2024)
Dean, Brian (2023b). We analyzed 11.8 million Google Search results: here’s what we learned about SEO. https://backlinko.com/search-engine-ranking (4/3/2024)
Dick, Murray (2011). Search engine optimisation in UK news production. // Journalism practice. 5:4, 462-477. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2010.551020
Dillon, Andrew; Turnbull, Don (2005). Information architecture. // Drake, Miriam (ed.). Encyclopedia of library and information science: first update supplement. Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780367802837
Ding, Wei; Lin, Xia; Zarro, Michael (2017). Information architecture: the design and integration of information spaces. 2nd ed. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-02308-8
Downey, Laura; Banerjee, Sumit (2010). Building and information architecture checklist: encouraging and enabling IA from infrastructure to the user interface architecture. // Journal of information architecture. 2:2. https://journalofia.org/volume2/issue2/03-downey
Eggert, Eric; Abou-Zahra, Shadi (2017). Content structure. https://www.w3.org/WAI/tutorials/page-structure/content (4/3/2024)
Ellis, Miriam (2023). What is SEO?. https://moz.com/learn/seo/what-is-seo
Enge, Eric; Spencer, Stephan; Stricchiola, Jessie (2023). The art of SEO: mastering search engine optimization. O’Reilly.
Evans, Michael P. (2007). Analysing Google rankings through search engine optimization data. // Internet research. 17:1. https://doi.org/10.1108/10662240710730470
Ferraz, Reinaldo (2015). Exploring web attributes related to image accessibility and their impact on search engine indexing. // Procedia computer science. 67, 171-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2015.09.261
Fessenden, Therese (2017). Five user requirements for online ads. https://www.nngroup.com/articles/user-requirements-online-ads (4/3/2024)
Fogg, B.J.; Marshall, Jonathan; Osipovich, Alex; Varma, Chris; Laraki, Othman; Fang, Nicholas; Paul, Jyoti; Rangnekar, Akshay; Shon, John; Swani, Preeti; Treinen, Marissa (2000). Elements that affect web credibility: early results from a self-report study. // CHI EA ’00: CHI ’00 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 287-288. https://doi.org/10.1145/633292.633460
Giomelakis, Dimitrios; Veglis, Andreas (2015). Employing search engine optimization techniques in online news. // Studies in media and communication. 3:1, 22-33. https://doi.org/10.11114/smc.v3i1.683
Google (2023a). Google search essentials. https://developers.google.com/search/docs/essentials?hl=en (4/3/2024)
Google (2023b). General guidelines. https://static.googleusercontent.com/media/guidelines.raterhub.com/es//searchqualityevaluatorguidelines.pdf (4/3/2024)
Google (2023c). Google image SEO best practices. https://developers.google.com/search/docs/appearance/google-images?hl=en (4/3/2024)
Google (2023d). Mobile usability report. https://support.google.com/webmasters/answer/9063469?hl=en (4/3/2024)
Hardwick, Joshua (2022). What is SEO?: search engine optimization explained. https://ahrefs.com/blog/what-is-seo (4/3/2024)
Harley, Aurora (2019). Touch targets on touchscreens. https://www.nngroup.com/articles/touch-target-size (4/3/2024)
Hassan Montero, Yusef; Martín Fernández, Francisco J. (2003). Guía de evaluación heurística de sitios web. // No solo usabilidad: revista sobre personas, diseño y tecnología. 2. https://www.nosolousabilidad.com/articulos/heuristica.htm
Henry, Shawn Lawton; Abou-Zahra, Shadi; White, Kevin (2016). Accessibility, usability, and inclusion. https://www.w3.org/WAI/fundamentals/accessibility-usability-inclusion (4/3/2024)
Höchstötter, Nadine; Lewandowski, Dirk (2009). What users see: structures in search engine results pages. // Information sciences. 179:12, 1796-1812. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2009.01.028
Jimenez, Christhy; Lozada, Pablo; Rosas, Pablo (2016). Usability heuristics: a systematic review. 2016 IEEE 11th Colombian Computing Conference (CCC), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1109/ColumbianCC.2016.7750805
Johnson, Graham I.; Clegg, Chris W.; Ravden, Susannah J. (1989). Towards a practical method for user interface evaluation. // Applied ergonomics. 20:4, 255-260.
Killoran, John B. (2010). Writing for robots: search engine optimization of technical communication business web sites. // Technical communication. 57:2, 161-181.
Krüger, Zuzanna (2023). Search experience optimization: the new way to do SEO. // The art of SXO: design thinking, 1-46. Apress. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-9212-9_1
Lallemand, Carine ; Gronier, Guillaume ; Koenig, Vincent (2015). User experience: a concept without consensus?: exploring practitioners’ perspectives through an international survey. // Computers in human behavior. 43, 35-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.10.048
Leganza, Gene; Cullen, Alex; Karel, Rob; An, Mimi (2010). Topic overview: information architecture. Forrester Research.
Lewandowski, Dirk (2023). Search Engine Optimization (SEO). // Understanding search engines. 175-190. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22789-9_9
Lieke, Kia (2020). Accessibility, usability and SEO: a study on social inclusiveness. Tesis doctoral. https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:tuni-202004294556
Lopezosa, Carlos; Codina, Lluís; Caldera Serrano, Jorge (2018). SEO semántico: Framework ISS para la optimización de sitios intensivos en contenidos. // Cuadernos de documentación multimedia. 29, 97-123. https://doi.org/10.5209/CDMU.60607
Lopezosa, Carlos; Iglesias-García, M., González-Díaz, C.; Codina, Lluís (2019). La experiencia de búsqueda en las principales agencias de noticias: revisión sistematizada, protocolo de análisis comparativo y resultados. Observatorio de Cibermedios (OCM), Grupo de Investigación DigiDoc. http://hdl.handle.net/10230/36551
Lopezosa, Carlos (2019). SEO, periodismo y comunicación: conceptos, herramientas y procesos para optimizar la visibilidad web de los medios digitales. Tesis doctoral, Universitat Pompeu Fabra. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668121
Lopezosa, Carlos; Codina, Lluís; Rovira, Carlos (2023). Investigando el SEO desde las ciencias sociales: “scoping review”. BiD: textos universitaris de biblioteconomia i documentació, 51. https://doi.org/10.1344/BID2023.51.07
Loranger, Hoa (2015). Headings are pick-up lines: 5 tips for writing headlines that convert. https://www.nngroup.com/articles/headings-pickup-lines (4/3/2024)
Loranger, Hoa; Nielsen, Jakob (2017). Microcontent: a few small words have a mega impact on business. https://www.nngroup.com/articles/microcontent-how-to-write-headlines-page-titles-and-subject-lines (4/3/2024)
Loranger, Hoa (2017). 7 Tips for presenting bulleted lists in digital content. https://www.nngroup.com/articles/presenting-bulleted-lists (4/3/2024)
Maciá, Fernando (2019a). Information architecture and SEO for e-commerce sites. https://www.humanlevel.com/en/e-commerce-posts/information-architecture-and-seo-for-e-commerce-sites.html (4/3/2024)
Maciá, Fernando (2019b). SEO avanzado: casi todo lo que sé sobre posicionamiento web. Madrid: Anaya Multimedia.
Mladenović, Dušan; Rajapakse, Anida; Kožuljević, Nikola; Shukla, Yupal (2022). Search engine optimization (SEO) for digital marketers: exploring determinants of online search visibility for blood bank service. // Online information review. 47:4. https://doi.org/10.1108/OIR-05-2022-0276
Molich, Rolf; Nielsen, Jakob (1990). Improving a human-computer dialogue. // Communications of the ACM. 33:3, 338-348. https://doi.org/10.1145/77481.77486
Morato, Jorge; Sánchez-Cuadrado, Sonia; Moreno, Valentín; Moreiro, Jose Antonio (2013). Evolución de los factores de posicionamiento web y adaptación de las herramientas de optimización. // Revista española de documentación científica. 36:3, e018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/redc.2013.3.956
Moreno, Lourdes; Martínez, Paloma (2012). Overlapping factors in search engine optimization and web accessibility. // Online information review. 37:4, 564-580. https://doi.org/10.1108/OIR-04-2012-0063
Morville, Peter (2004). User experience design. http://semanticstudios.com/user_experience_design (4/3/2024)
MOZ (2015). Search engine ranking factors 2015: expert survey and correlation data. https://moz.com/search-ranking-factors (4/3/2024).
Mueller, John (2019a). English Google Webmaster Central office-hours from December 27, 2019. https://youtu.be/QG2BoWRhb0k (4/3/2024).
Mueller, John (2019b). English Google Webmaster Central office-hours hangout. https://www.youtube.com/live/1KwTPIz13XA (4/3/2024)
Nielsen, Jakob; Molich, Rolf (1990). Heuristic evaluation of user interfaces. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’90), 249-256. Association for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/97243.97281
Nielsen, Jakob (1994). How to conduct a heuristic evaluation. https://www.nngroup.com/articles/how-to-conduct-a-heuristic-evaluation (4/3/2024).
Nielsen, Jakob (1999). URL as UI. https://www.nngroup.com/articles/url-as-ui (4/3/2024)
Nielsen, Jakob (2012). SEO and usability. https://www.nngroup.com/articles/seo-and-usability (4/3/2024).
Nielsen, Jakob (2005). Accessibility is not enough. https://www.nngroup.com/articles/accessibility-is-not-enough (4/3/2024).
Nielsen, Jakob (2015). Legibility, readability, and comprehension: making users read your words. https://www.nngroup.com/articles/legibility-readability-comprehension (4/3/2024).
Norman, Donald A. (1988). The psychology of everyday things. Basic Books.
Norman, Donald A; Miller, Jim; Henderson, Austin (1995). What you see, some of what’s in the future, and how we go about doing it: HI at apple computer. // Proceedings of the ACM conference on human factors in computing systems (CHI 1995). https://doi.org/10.1145/223355.223477
Pavlik, Vlado (2023). SEO ranking: factors, tips, & tools to improve your positions. https://www.semrush.com/blog/seo-ranking (4/3/2024).
Pérez-Montoro, Mario (2010). Arquitectura de la información en entornos web. Gijón: Trea.
Pérez-Montoro, Mario; Codina, Lluís (2017). Navigation design and SEO for content-intensive website: a guide for an efficient digital communication. Chandos Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2015-0-00739-0
Petrescu, Philip (2014). Google organic click-through rates in 2014. https://moz.com/blog/google-organic-click-through-rates-in-2014 (4/3/2024)
Petrie, Helen; Kheir, Omar (2007). The relationship between accessibility and usability of websites. CHI ’07: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 397-406. ACM. http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1240624.1240688
Pierotti, Deniese (1995). Heuristic evaluation: a system checklist. Society for Technical Communication. https://web.archive.org/web/20050308032250/http://www.stcsig.org/usability/topics/articles/he-checklist.html
Rehman, Khalil; Khan, Muhammad Naeem Ahmed (2013). The foremost guidelines for achieving higher ranking in search results through search engine Optimization. // International journal of advanced science and technology. 52, 101-110. http://article.nadiapub.com/IJAST/vol52/9.pdf
Richards, John T.; Montague, Kyle; Hanson, Vicki. L. (2012). Web accessibility as a side effect. ASSETS ’12: Proceedings of the 14th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility, 79-86. https://doi.org/10.1145/2384916.2384931
Rosenfeld, Louis; Morville, Peter (2006). Information architecture for the World Wide Web. 3rd ed. Sebastopol: O'Reilly.
Roumeliotis, Konstantinos I., Tselikas, Nikolaos D. (2022). An effective SEO techniques and technologies guide-map. Journal of web engineering. 21:5, 1603-1650. https://doi.org/10.13052/jwe1540-9589.21510
Serrano-Cobos, Jorge (2015). SEO: introducción a la disciplina del posicionamiento en buscadores. UOC.
Schade, Amy (2017). Anchors OK?: re-assessing in-page links. https://www.nngroup.com/articles/in-page-links (4/3/2024).
Shneiderman, Ben (2000). Universal usability. // Communications of the ACM. 43:5, 85-91. https://doi.org/10.1145/332833.332843
Shneiderman, Ben (2002). Promoting universal usability with multi-layer interface design. ACM SIGCAPH computers and the physically handicapped, 73-74. https://doi.org/10.1145/960201.957206
Thatcher, Jim; Waddell, Cynthia D., Henry, Shawn Lawton; Swierenga, Sarah; Urban, Mark D.; Burks, Michael; Regan, Bob; Bohman, Paul (2003). Constructing accessible web sites. Glasshaus.
Tognazzini, Bruce (2003). First principles of interaction design. http://www.asktog.com/basics/firstPrinciples.html
Visser, Eugéne B.; Weideman, Melius (2011). Search engine optimisation versus Website usability-conflicting requirements?. Information research. 16:3, 1-14. https://informationr.net/ir/16-3/paper493.html
W3C (2008). Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0. https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20 (4/3/2024)
W3C (2018). Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1, https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG21 (4/3/2024)
W3C (2023a). Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.2. https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG22 (4/3/2024)
W3C (2023b). G64: Providing a table of contents. En WCAG 2.2 techniques. https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Techniques/general/G64 (4/3/2024)
Whitenton, Kathryn (2013). Flat vs. deep website hierarchies. https://www.nngroup.com/articles/flat-vs-deep-hierarchy (4/3/2024)
Yalçin, Nursel; Köse, Utku (2010). What is search engine optimization: SEO?. // Procedia social and behavioral sciences. 9, 487-493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.12.185
Ziakis, Christos; Vlachopoulou, Maro; Kyrkoudis, Theodosios; Karagkiozidou, Makrina (2019). Important factors for improving Google search rank. // Future internet. 11:32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi11020032
Zimmermann, Robert; Auinger, Andreas (2023). Developing a conversion rate optimization framework for digital retailers: case study. // Journal of marketing analytics. 11, 233-243. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41270-022-00161-y
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2024 Los autores y autoras conservan sus derechos de autor, aunque ceden a la revista de forma no exclusiva los derechos de explotación (reproducción, distribución, comunicación pública y transformación) y garantizan a esta el derecho de primera publicación de su trabajo, el cual estará simultáneamente sujeto a la licencia CC BY-NC-ND. Los autores aceptan la responsabilidad legal de cumplir plenamente con los códigos éticos y leyes apropiadas, y de obtener todos los permisos de derecho de autor debidos. Se permite y se anima a los autores y autoras a difundir electrónicamente la versión editorial (versión publicada por la editorial) en la página web personal del autor y en el repositorio de la institución a la que pertenece.
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
© 2007- . Los autores y autoras conservan sus derechos de autor, aunque ceden a la revista de forma no exclusiva los derechos de explotación (reproducción, distribución, comunicación pública y transformación) y garantizan a esta el derecho de primera publicación de su trabajo, el cual estará simultáneamente sujeto a la licencia CC BY-NC-ND. Los autores aceptan la responsabilidad legal de cumplir plenamente con los códigos éticos y leyes apropiadas, y de obtener todos los permisos de derecho de autor debidos. Se permite y se anima a los autores y autoras a difundir electrónicamente la versión editorial (versión publicada por la editorial) en la página web personal del autor y en el repositorio de la institución a la que pertenece.